Acoustics

Farmer, D. M. and G. B. Crawford, Measurements of acoustical correlation in the ocean with a high-frequency echo sounder, Nature, 301, 698-699, 1983.

Kaneko, A., A numerical approach to acoustic imaging of small-scale ocean features, Deep-Sea Res., 34, 1379-1398, 1987.

Vagle, S. and D. M. Farmer, The measurement of bubble-size distributions by acoustic backscatter, J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol., 9, 630-644, 1992.

Biology

Carlson, D. J., J. L. Cantey and J. J. Cullen, Description of and results from a new surface microlayer sampling device, Deep-Sea Res., 36, 1205-1214, 1988.

Thomson, R. E., T. A. Curran, M. C. Hamilton and R. McFarlane, Time series measurements from a moored fluorescence-based dissolved oxygen sensor, J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol., 5, 614-624, 1988.

Taylor, C. D. and K. W. Doherty, Submersible Incubation Device (SID), autonomous instrumentation for the in-situ measurement of primary production, Deep-Sea Res., 37, 343-358, 1990.

Schubbler, U. and K. Kremling, A pumping system for underway sampling of dissolved and particulate trace elements in near-surface waters, Deep-Sea Res., 40, 257-266, 1993.

Dunn, J., C. D. Hall, M. R. Heath, R. B. Mitchell and B. J. Ritchie, ARIES - a system concurrent physical, biological and chemical sampling at sea, Deep-Sea Res., 40, 867-878, 1993.

Widder, E. A., J. F. Casse, S. A. Bernstein, S. MacIntyre, M. R. Lowenstine, M. R. Bowlby and D. P. Cook, A new large volume bioluminescence bathyphotometer, Deep-Sea Res., 40, 607-628, 1993.

Flagg, C. N. and S. L. Smith, On the use of the ADCP to measure zooplankton abundance, Deep-Sea Res., 36, 455-474, 1989.

Roe, H. S. J. and G. Griffiths, Biological information from an Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler, Marine Biology, 115, 339-346, 1993.

Friederich, G. E., P. G. Brewer, R. Herlien and F. P. Chavez, Measurement of sea surface partial pressure of CO2 from a moored buoy, Deep-Sea Res., 42, 1175-1186, 1995.

Colbourne, E. B. and A. E. Hay, An acoustic remote sensing and submersible study of an Arctic submarine spring bloom, J. Geophys. Res., 95, 13,219-13,234, 1990.

Hitchcock, G. L., E. J. Lessard, D. Dorson, J. Fontaine and T. Rossby, The IFF: The isopycnal float fluorometer, J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol., 6, 19-25, 1989.

Desiderio, R. A., T. J. Cowles, J. N. Moum and M. Myrick, Microstructure profiles of laser-induced chlorophyll fluorescence spectra, J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol., 10, 209-224, 1993.

Cowles, T. J., J. N. Moum, R. A. Desiderio and S. M. Angel, In situ monitoring of ocean chlorophyll via laser-induced fluorescence backscatter through an optical fibre, Applied Optics, 28, 595-600, 1989.

Dickey, T., J. Marra, T. Granata, C. Langdon, M. Hamilton, J. Wiggert, D. Siegel and A. Bratkovich, Concurrent time series observations in the Sargasso Sea, J. Geophys. Res., 96, 8643-8664, 1991.

Caldwell, D. R., F. E. Snodgrass and M. H. Wimbush, Sensors in the deep sea, Physics Today, 22, 34-42, 1969.

Current

Adam, C. E. Jr., W. Hill and R. Fredericks, BLIPS, A system for studying benthic boundary layer dynamics, J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol., 7, 774-780, 1990.

Hendricks, P. J. and G. Rodenbush, Interpretation of velocity profiles measured by freely sinking probes, Deep-Sea Res., 28, 1199-1214, 1981.

Jacobs, D. C. and C. S. Cox, Estimating the vertical component of water velocity from measurements collected with a free-fall vehicle, J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol., 9, 42-54, 1992.

Lohrmann, A., B. Hackett and L. P. Roed, High resolution measurements of turbulence, velocity and stress using a pulse-to-pulse coherent SONAR, J. Atmos. Oceanic Tech., 7, 19-37, 1990.

Pinkel, R. and J. A. Smith, Repeat-sequence coding for improved precision of Doppler sonar and sodar, J. Atmos. Oceanic Tech., 9, 149-163, 1992.

Chereskin, T. K. and A. J. Harding, Modeling the performance of an ADCP, J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol., 10, 41-63, 1993.

Pulkkinen, K., Comparison of different bit-mapping methods for a bottom-mounted acoustic profiler, J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol., 10, 752-763, 1993.

Lentz, S. J., B. Butman and A. J. Williams III, Comparison of BASS and VACM current measurements during STRESS, J. Atmos. Oceanic Tech., 12, 1328-1337, 1995.

Kraus, N., A. Lohrmann and R. Cabrara, New acoustic meter for measuring 3D laboratory flows, J. Hydraulic Engineering, 120, 406-412, 1994.

Fischer, J. and M. Visbeck, Deep velocity profiling with self-contained ADCPs, J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol., 10, 764-773, 1993.

Joyce, T. M., D. S. Bitterman, Jr. and K. E. Prada, Shipboard acoustic profiling of upper ocean currents, Deep-Sea Res., 29, 903-914, 1982.

Regier, L., Mesoscale current fields observed with a shipboard profiling acoustic current meter, J. Phys. Oceanogr., 12, 880-886, 1982.

Smith, J. A., Performance of a horizontally-scanning Doppler SONAR near shore, J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol., 10, 752-763, 1993.

Thorpe, S. A. and A. J. Hall, Nearshore side-scan SONAR studies, J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol., 10, 778-783, 1993.

Lhermitte, R., Doppler SONAR observation of tidal flow, J. Geophys. Res., 88, 725-742, 1983.

Marsden, R. F. and K. C. Greenwood, Internal tides observed by an ADCP, J. Phys. Oceanogr., 24, 1097-1109, 1994.

Fratatoni, D. M. and W. E. Johns, A deep-towed ADCP-CTD package, J. Atmos. Oceanic Tech., 13, 680-687, 1996.

Marmorino, G. O. and C. L. Trump, Preliminary side-scan ADCP measurements across a ships's wake, J. Atmos. Oceanic Tech., 13, 507-513, 1996.

Spain, P. and T. B. Sanford, Accurately monitoring the Florida current with motionally-induced voltage, J. Mar. Res., 45, 843-870, 1987.

Rossby, T., J. Fontaine and J. Hummon, Measuring mean velocities with POGO, J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol., 8, 713-717, 1991.

Moum, J. N., Profiler measurements of vertical velocity fluctuations in the ocean, J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol., 7, 323-333, 1990.

Menemenlis, D., Line-averaged measurement of velocity fine structure in the ocean using acoustical reciprocal transmission, Int. J. Remote Sens., 15, 267-281, 1994.

Menemenlis, D. and D. M. Farmer, Acoustical measurement of current and vorticity beneath ice, J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol., 9, 827-849, 1992.

Sandstrom, H., J. A. Elliott and N. A. Cochrane, Observing groups of solitary internal waves and turbulence with Batfish and echo sounder, J. Phys. Oceanogr., 19, 987-997, 1989.

Caldwell, D. R., Indirectly heated thermistor for measuring ocean currents, Rev. Sci. Instr., 39, 1865-1869, 1968.

Gust, G., Tools for oceanic small-scale, high-frequency flows: metal-clad hot wires, J. Geophys. Res., 87, 447-456, 1982.

Agrawal, Y. C. and C. J. Bentley, Laser velocimetry for benthic sediment transport, Deep-Sea Res., 35, 1047-1068, 1988.

Agrawal, Y. C. and D. G. Aubrey, Velocity observations above a rippled bed using laser Doppler velocimetry, J. Geophys. Res., 97, 20,249-20,260, 1992.

Herbers, J. H. C. and R. T. Guza, Comment on "Velocity observations above a rippled bed using Laser velocimetry" by Y. C. Agrawal and D. G. Aubrey, , J. Geophys. Res., 98, 20,331-20,334, 1993.

Eriksen, C. C., J. M. Dahlen and J. T. Shillingford, Jr., An upper ocean moored current and density profile applied to winter conditions near Bermuda, J. Geophys. Res., 87, 7879-7902, 1982.

Simpson, J. H., Observations of small scale vertical shear in the ocean, Deep-Sea Res., 22, 619-627, 1975.

Mixing

Santshi, P. H., R. F. Anderson, M. Q. Fleisher and W. Bowles, Measurements of diffusive sublayer thicknesses in the ocean by alabaster dissolution, J. Geophys. Res., 96, 10,641-10,680, 1991.

Ledwell, J. R. and A. J. Watson, The use of deliberately injected tracers for the study of diapycnal mixing, in Small-Scale Turb. and Mixing in the Ocean, eds Nihoul & Jamart, 517-528, Elsevier, NY, 1988.

Lee, J. H. and G. Veronis, Determining velocities and mixing coefficients from tracers, J. Phys. Oceanogr., 19, 487-500, 1989.

Ledwell, J. R., A. J. Watson, K. W. Doherty and W. M. Berelson, Integrating samplers for the deep sea, J. Geophys. Res., 96, 8727-8732, 1991.

Yamazaki, H.and T. Osborn, Direct estimation of heat flux in a seasonal thermocline, J. Phys. Oceanogr., 23, 503-516, 1993.

Osborn, T. R., Estimates of the local rate of vertical diffusion from dissipation measurements, J. Phys. Oceanogr., 10, 83-89, 1980.

Oxygen

Langdon, C., Dissolved oxygen monitoring system using a pulsed electrode, Deep-Sea Res., 1357-1368, 1984.

Thomas, F. I. M. and M. J. Atkinson, Field calibration of a microhole potentiostatic oxygen sensor for oceanic CTDs, J. Atmos. Oceanic Tech., 12, 390-394, 1995.

Reimers, C. E., K. M. Fischer, R. Merewether, K. L. Smith and R. A. Jahnke, Oxygen microprofiles measured in deep ocean sediments, Nature, 320, 741-744, 1986.

Atkinson, M. J., F. I. M. Thomas, N. Larson, E. Terrill, K. Morita and C. C. Liu, A microhole potentiostatic oxygen sensor for oceanic CTDs, Deep-Sea Res., 42, 761-772, 1995.

Salinity

Tang, C. L.and J. D. Woods, Statistics of upper ocean variables measured by depth-cycled towed instruments, Deep-Sea Res., 34, 1579-1592, 1987.

Sellschopp, J., A towed CTD chain for two-dimensional high resolution hydrography, Deep-Sea Res., 44, 147-165, 1997.

Gregg, M. C., The effects of bias error and system noise on parameters computed from C, T, P and V profiles, J. Phys. Oceanogr., 9, 199-217, 1979.

Morison, J., R. Andersen, N. Larson, E. D'Asaro and T. Boyd, The correction for thermal-lag effects in Sea-Bird CTD data, J. Atmos. Oceanic Tech., 11, 1151-1164, 1994.

Trump, C. L., Effect of ship's roll on the quality of precision CTD data, Deep-Sea Res., 30, 1173-1184, 1983.

Toole, J. M., K. W. Doherty, D. E. Frye and R. C. Millard, A wire-guided free-fall system for shipborne hydrographic profiling, J. Atmos. Oceanic Tech., 14, 667-675, 1997.

Brown, N. L. and B. V. Hamon, An inductive salinometer, Deep-Sea Res., 8, 65-75, 1961.

Okawa, B. S. and J. P. Dugan, Contamination of conductivity measurements by waterborne particles, Ocean Eng., 11, 265-279, 1984.

Dugan, J. P. and B. W. Stalcup, Comparison of towed conductivity sensor performance, J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol., 5, 116-122, 1988.

Horne, E. P. W. and J. M. Toole, Sensor response mismatches and lag correction techniques for temperature-salinity profilers, J. Phys. Oceanogr., 10, 1122-1130, 1980.

Gregg, M. C., J. C. Schedvin, W. C. Hess and T. B. Meagher, Dynamic response calibration of the Neil Brown conductivity cell, J. Phys. Oceanogr., 12, 721-742, 1982.

Topham, D. R. and R. G. Perkin, On the transient behavior of conductivity sensors, J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol., 1, 201-219, 1984.

Gregg, M. C. and W. C. Hess, Dynamic response calibration of Sea-Bird temperature and conductivity probes, J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol., 2, 304-313, 1985.

Lueck, R. G., Thermal inertia of conductivity cells: theory, J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol., 7, 741-755, 1990.

Lueck, R. G. and J. J. Picklo, Thermal inertia of conductivity cells: Observations with a Sea-Bird cell, J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol., 7, 756-768, 1990.

Holloway, G. and A. E. Gargett, The inference of salt fingering from towed microstructure observations, J. Geophys. Res., 92, 1963-1966, 1987.

Marmorino, G. O. and D. Greenewalt, Inferring the nature of microstructure signals, J. Geophys. Res., 93, 1219-1226, 1988.

McDougall, T. J. and B. Ruddick, The use of ocean microstructure to quantify both turbulent mixing and salt fingering, Deep-Sea Res., 39, 1931-1952, 1992.

Mack, S. A. and H. C. Schoeberlein, Discriminating salt fingering from turbulence-induced microstructure: analysis of towed temperature-conductivity chain data, J. Phys. Oceanogr., 23, 2073-2106, 1993.

Tang, C. L., A. S. Bennett and D. J. Lawrence, Thermohaline intrusions in the frontal zones of a warm-core ring observed by a Batfish, J. Geophys. Res., 90, 8928-8942, 1985.

Berteaux, H. O. and R. G. Walden, CTD lowering mechanics, Deep-Sea Res., 31, 181-194, 1984.

Temperature

Mammen, T. C. and N. Von Bosse, STEP - a temperature profiler for measuring the oceanic thermal boundary layer at the ocean-air interface, J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol., 7, 312-322, 1990.

Fabula, A. G., The dynamic response of towed thermometers, J. Fluid Mech., 34, 449-464, 1968.

McKeown, F. Bretherton, H. L. Huang, W. L. Smith and H. L. Revercomb, Sounding the skin of water: Sensing air-water temperature with interferometry, J. Atmos. Oceanic Tech., 12, 1313-1327, 1995.

Lueck, R. G. and T. R. Osborn, The characteristics of internally heated thermistors, Deep-Sea Res., 27, 273-292, 1980.

Stalcup, B. W. and J. P. Dugan, Adaptive technique for eliminating motion contamination from temperature arrays, J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol., 7, 340-348, 1990.

Stalcup, B. W. and J. P. Dugan, An in-situ technique for intercalibrating temperature or conductivity sensors on towed arrays, J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol., 7, 630-639, 1990.

Gregg, M. C., T. Meagher, A. Pederson and E. Aagaard, Low noise temperature measurements with thermistors, Deep-Sea Res., 25, 843-856, 1978.

Lueck, R. G., O. Hertzman and T. R. Osborn, The spectral response of thermistors, Deep-Sea Res., 24, 951-970, 1977.

Gregg, M. C. and Meagher, T. B., The dynamic response of glass rod thermistors, J. Geophys. Res., 85, 2779-2786, 1980.

Marmorino, G. O. and D. R. Caldwell, Horizontal variation of vertical temperature gradients measured by thermocouple arrays, Deep-Sea Res. 25, 221-230, 1978.

Turbulence

Soloviev, A. V., N. V. Vershinsky and V. A. Bezverchnii, Small-scale turbulence measurements in the thin surface layer of the ocean, Deep-Sea Res., 35, 1859-1874, 1988.

Soloviev, A. V., N. V. Vershinsky and V. A. Bezverchnii, Small-scale turbulence measurements in the thin surface layer of the ocean (Corrigenda), Deep-Sea Res., 36, 1283-1284, 1989.

Lueck, R. G., D. Huang, D. Newman and J. Box, Turbulence measurements with a moored instrument, J. Atmos. Oceanic Tech., 14, 143-161, 1997.

Williams, A. J. III, J. S. Tochko, R. L. Koehler, W. D. Grant, T. F. Gross and C. V. R. Dunn, Measurement of turbulence in the bottom layer with an ACM array, J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol., 4, 312-327, 1987.

Gargett, A. E., Observing turbulence with a modified ADCP, J. Atmos. Oceanic Tech., 11, 1592-1610, 1994.

Thorpe, S. A. and J. M. Brubaker, Observation of sound reflection by temperature microstructure, Limnol. Oceanogr., 28, 601-613, 1983.

Goodman, L., Acoustic scattering from ocean microstructure, J. Geophys. Res., 95, 11,557-11,574, 1990.

Seim, H. E., M. C. Gregg and R. T. Miyamoto, Acoustic backscatter from turbulent microstructure, J. Atmos. Oceanic Tech., 12, 367-380, 1995.

Osborn, T. R. and W. R. Crawford, Turbulent velocity measurements with an airfoil probe, Instruments and methods of Air-Sea Interaction, ed. L. Hasse, F. Dobson and R. Davis, Plenum Press, 1980.

Moum, J. N. and R. G. Lueck, Causes and implications of noise in oceanic dissipation measurements, Deep-Sea Res., 32, 379-390, 1985.

Osborn, T. R., Vertical profiling of velocity microstructure, J. Phys. Oceanogr., 4, 109-115, 1974.

Moum, J. N., M. C. Gregg, R.-C. Lien and M. E. Carr, Comparison of turbulence kinetic energy dissipation rate estimates from two ocean microstructure profilers, J. Atmos. Oceanic Tech., 12, 346-366, 1995.

Washburn, L., T. F. Duda and D. C. Jacobs, Interpreting conductivity microstructure: Estimating the temperature variance dissipation rate, J. Atmos. Oceanic Tech., 13, 1166-1188, 1996.

Lueck, R. G., The calibration of a hot-film turbulence probe, J. Geophys. Res., 85, 4923-4932, 1980.

Adrian, R. J., Particle-imaging techniques for experimental fluid mechanics, Annual Review of Fluid Mech., 23, 261-304, 1991.

George, W. K. and J. L. Lumley, The laser doppler velocimeter and its application to the measurement of turbulence, J. Fluid. Mech., 60, 321-362, 1973.

Galbraith, P. S. and D. E. Kelley, Identifying overturns in CTD profiles, J. Atmos. Oceanic Tech., 13, 688-702, 1996.

Gibson, C. H. and T. K. Deacon, Hot/cold sensors of oceanic microstructure, in Instruments and Methods in Air-Sea Interaction, ed. J. C. J. Nihoul, Elsevier Series, 28, 221-258, 1980.

Vehicles

D'Asaro, E. A., D. M. Farmer, J. T. Osse and G. T. Dairiki, A Lagrangian float, J. Atmos. Oceanic Tech., 13, 1230-1246, 1996.

Sun, H., E. Kunze and A. J. Williams III, Vertical heat-flux measurements from a neutrally buoyant float, J. Phys. Oceanogr., 26, 984-1001, 1996.

Kunze, E., M. G. Briscoe and A. J. Williams III, Interpreting shear and strain fine structure from a neutrally buoyant float, J. Geophys. Res., 95, 18,111-18,126, 1990.

Rossby, T., J. Fontaine and E. C. Carter, Jr., The f/h float - measuring stretching vorticity directly, Deep-Sea Res., 41, 975-992, 1994.

Graefe, V. and B. Gallagher, Oceanographic profiling with improved vertical resolution, J. Geophys. Res., 23, 5425-5431, 1969.

Caldwell, D. R., S. D. Wilcox and M. Matsler, A freely-falling probe for small-scale temperature gradients, Limnology & Oceanography, 20, 1035-1042, 1975.

Jones, I. S. F. and F. Bruzzone, An oceanographic Richardson number probe, Deep-Sea Res., 28, 507-520, 1981.

Spain, P. F., D. L. Dorson and H. T. Rossby, PEGASUS: A simple, acoustically-tracked velocity profiler, Deep-Sea Res., 28, 1553-1568, 1981.

Gregg, M. C., W. E. Nodland, E. E. Aagard and D. W. Hirt, Use of a fiber-optic cable with a free-fall microstructure profiler, OCEANS, 82, 283-290, 1982.

Hayes, S. P., H. B. Milburn and E. F. Ford, TOPS: A free-fall velocity and CTD profiler, J. Atmos. Ocean Tech., 1, 220-236, 1984.

Caldwell, D. R., T. M. Dillon and J. N. Moum, The Rapid-Sampling Vertical Profiler: an evaluation, J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol., 2, 615-625, 1985.

Duda, T. F., C. S. Cox and T. K. Deaton, The Cartesian Diver: A self-profiling LaGrangian velocity recorder, J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol., 5, 16-33, 1988.

Schmitt, R. W., J. M. Toole, R. L. Koehler, E. C. Mellinger and K. W. Doherty, The development of a fine-and microstructure profiler, J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol., 5, 484-500, 1988.

Dewey, R. K., W. R. Crawford, A. E. Gargett and N. S. Oakey, A microstructure instrument for profiling oceanic turbulence in coastal boundary layers, J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol., 4, 288-297, 1987.

Montgomery, E. T. and R. W. Schmitt, Acoustic altimeter control of a free vehicle for near bottom turbulence measurements, Deep-Sea Res., 44, 1077-1084, 1997.

Sanford, T. B., R. G. Drever and J. H. Dunlap, An acoustic Doppler and electromagnetic velocity profiler, J. Atmos. Oceanic Tech., 2, 110-124, 1985.

Lange, R. E. and B. P. Johnson, Expendable bathythermographs as temperature microstructure profilers, Rev. Sci. Instrums., 53, 59-64, 1982.

Evans, D. L., H. T. Rossby, M. Mork and T. Gytre, YVETTE - a free-fall shear profiler, Deep-Sea Res., 26, 703-718, 1979.

Luyten, J. R., G. Needell and J. Thomson, An acoustic dropsonde - design, performance and evaluation, Deep-Sea Res., 29, 499-524, 1982.

Winkel, D. P., M. C. Gregg and T. B. Sanford, Resolving oceanic shear and velocity with the multi-scale profiler, J. Atmos. Oceanic Tech., 13, 1046-1072, 1996.

Woods, J. D., On designing a probe to measure ocean microstructure, Underwater Sci. Tech. J., 1, 5-12, 1969.

Nasmyth, P. W., Techniques of measurement from towed vehicles and submersibles, Instruments and methods of Air-Sea Interaction, ed. L. Hasse, F. Dobson and R. Davis, Plenum Press, 1980.

Fleury, M. and R. G. Lueck, Direct heat flux estimates using a towed vehicle, J. Phys. Oceanogr., 24, 801-818, 1994.

Gargett, A. E., Turbulence measurements from a submersible, Deep-Sea Res., 29, 1141-1158, 1982.

Osborn, T. R. and R. G. Lueck, Turbulence measurements with a submarine, J. Phys. Oceanogr., 15, 1502-1520, 1985.

Yamazaki, H., R. G. Lueck and T. Osborn, A comparison of turbulence data from a submarine and a vertical profiler, J. Phys. Oceanogr., 20, 1778-1786, 1990.

Osborn, T. R., D. M. Farmer, S, Vagle, S. A. Thorpe and M. Cure, Measurements of bubble plumes and turbulence from a submarine, Atmosphere-Ocean, 30, 419-440, 1992.

Osborn, T. R. and R. G. Lueck, Turbulence measurements from a towed body, J. Atmos. Oceanic Tech., 2, 517-527, 1985.

Miller, J. B., M. C. Gregg, V. W. Miller and G. L. Welsh, Vibration of tethered microstructure profilers, J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol., 6, 980-984, 1989.

Miscellaneous

Pingree, R. D., Regularly spaced instrumental temperature and salinity structures, Deep-Sea Res., 18, 841-844, 1971.

Mudge, T. D. and R. G. Lueck, Digital signal processing to enhance oceanographic observations, J. Atmos. Oceanic Tech., 11, 825-836, 1994.

Millard, R. C., W. B. Owens and N. P. Fofonoff, On the calculation of the Brunt-Vaisala frequency, Deep-Sea Res., 37, 167-181, 1990.

Kase, R. H., H. H. Hinrichsen and T. B. Sanford, Inferring density from temperature via a density-ratio relation, J. Atmos. Oceanic Tech., 13, 1202-1208, 1996.

Gust, G., Skin friction probes for field applications, J. Geophys. Res., 94, 14,1221-14,132, 1988.

Huntley, D. A., A modified inertial dissipation method for estimating seabed stresses at low Reynolds numbers, with application to wave/current boundary layers, J. Phys. Oceanogr., 18, 339-346, 1988.

Crawford, W. R. and R. K. Dewey, Confidence limits for friction velocity determined from turbulence profiles in coastal waters, J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol., 7, 50-57, 1990.

Niiler, P. P., A. S. Sybrandy, K. Bi, P. M. Poulaine and D. Bitterman, Measurement of the water following capability of holey-sock and TRISTAR drifters, Deep-Sea Res., 42, 1951-1964, 1995.

Agrawal, Y. C. and H. C. Pottsmith, Laser diffraction particle sizing in STRESS, Cont. Shelf Res., 14, 1101-1121, 1994.

Seaver, G. A., V. L. Vlasov and A. G. Kostianoy, Laboratory calibration in distilled water and seawater of a multichannel interferometer-refractometer, J. Atmos. Oceanic Tech., 14, 267-277, 1997.

Rouseff, D., K. B. Winters and T. E. Ewart, Reconstruction of oceanic microstructure by tomography: a numerical feasibility study, J. Geophys. Res., 96, 8823-8834, 1991.